Glossary
archwire
A wire engaged in orthodontic attachments (braces), affixed to the crowns of two or more teeth and capable of causing or guiding tooth movement.
band (orthodontic)
A thin metal ring, usually stainless steel, which serves to secure orthodontic attachments to a tooth. The band, with orthodontic attachments welded or soldered to it, is closely adapted to fit the contours of the tooth and then cemented into place.
bracket
An orthodontic attachment that is secured to a tooth (either by bonding or banding) for the purpose of engaging an archwire. Brackets can be metal or ceramic and are commonly referred to as “braces”.
ceramic brackets
Crystalline, alumina, tooth-shade or clear synthetic sapphire brackets that are tooth coloured so as to be minimally visible.
crowding
Dental misalignment caused by inadequate space for the teeth to erupt.
debanding
The removal of cemented orthodontic bands or brackets.
elastics (rubber bands)
Used to move teeth in one arch with respect to the teeth in the other arch. These elastics are placed by the patient in a prescribed direction and to idealize the bite.
gingiva
The tissue that surrounds the teeth, consisting of a fibrous tissue that is continuous with the periodontal ligament and mucosal covering.
imaging
The process of acquiring representations of tooth and mouth structures. This can include both digital photos and digital radiographs (x-rays).
lingual
A term used to describe surfaces and directions toward the tongue.
maxillary
Of or pertaining to the upper jaw. May be used to describe teeth, dental restorations, orthodontic appliances or facial structures.
orthodontist
A dental specialist who has completed a Graduate Level program in Orthodontics which in Canada is at least 3 more years after completion of dental school.
orthognathic surgery
Jaw surgery to alter relationships of teeth and/or supporting bones, done by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon in conjunction with orthodontic treatment.
overbite
Vertical overlapping of upper teeth over lower teeth, usually measured perpendicular to the occlusal plane (chewing plane)
radiograph
A permanent image produced by ionizing radiation to show structures under the skin, which cannot be viewed any other way. Sometimes called an X-ray after the most common source of image-producing radiation.
retainer
Any orthodontic appliance, fixed or removable, used to maintain the position of the teeth following corrective treatment.
retention
The passive treatment period following active orthodontic correction during which retaining appliances are used.
